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<title>Northern Chanyu</title>

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</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #cbe; color:inherit; font-size: 125%">Northern Chanyu</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><i><a href="Chanyu" title="Chanyu">Chanyu</a></i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reign</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 89–91 CE</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Youliu" title="Youliu">Youliu</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Yuchujian" title="Yuchujian">Yuchujian</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Dynasty" title="Dynasty">Dynasty</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Modu_Chanyu" title="Modu Chanyu">Modu Chanyu</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Father</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Youliu" title="Youliu">Youliu</a></td></tr></tbody></table>

<p>The <b>Northern Chanyu</b> (<a href="Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hant">北單于</span>; <a href="Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Běi Chányú</span></i>; <a href="Wade%E2%80%93Giles" title="Wade–Giles">Wade–Giles</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn-wadegile">Pei Ch'anyü</span></i>, reigned 89–91) was an obscure <a href="Chanyu" title="Chanyu">chanyu</a> or ruler of the <a href="Xiongnu" title="Xiongnu">Xiongnu</a> who lived in the 1st century CE whose name is unknown.

</p><p>In February 91 CE, he was defeated by <a href="Geng_Kui" title="Geng Kui">Geng Kui</a> during the <a href="Battle_of_the_Altai_Mountains" title="Battle of the Altai Mountains">Battle of the Altai Mountains</a>, on an expedition sent by <a href="Dou_Xian" title="Dou Xian">Dou Xian</a>. His younger brother <a href="Yuchujian" title="Yuchujian">Yuchujian</a> Chanyu (reigned 91–93) was his sole heir, but was killed by generals <a href="Ren_Shang" title="Ren Shang">Ren Shang</a> and Wang Fu in 93.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrespigny2007742_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECrespigny2007742-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The ideal situation on the frontier was to have a non-Chinese ruler so powerful within his own lands that his orders were obeyed but so dependent on Chinese goodwill, or vulnerable to Chinese threats, that he kept his people from troubling imperial territory. By destroying the Northern Shanyu, the Han removed a potential client and found itself faced with the incoherent but spreading power of the Xianbi, while the Southern regime was overwhelmed by its new responsibilities. So the empire destroyed a weak and all but suppliant enemy for the benefit of a junior ally who could not make good use of the victory, to the ultimate profit of a far more dangerous enemy.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECosmo2009108_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECosmo2009108-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote><div class="templatequotecite"><p style="display: inline; padding-left: 2.3em;">— Rafe de Crespigny</p></div>

<p>According to the <i><a href="Book_of_Wei" title="Book of Wei">Book of Wei</a></i>, the remnants of the Northern Chanyu's tribe, whom <a href="Lev_Gumilyov" class="mw-redirect" title="Lev Gumilyov">Lev Gumilyov</a> termed "Weak Xiongnu", settled, as <a href="Yueban" title="Yueban">Yueban</a>, near <a href="Kucha" title="Kucha">Kucha</a> and <a href="Wusun" title="Wusun">Wusun</a>; while the rest fled across the <a href="Altai_Mountains" title="Altai Mountains">Altai Mountains</a> towards <a href="Kangju" title="Kangju">Kangju</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2></div>

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<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECrespigny2007742-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrespigny2007742_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCrespigny2007">Crespigny 2007</a>, p. 742.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECosmo2009108-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECosmo2009108_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCosmo2009">Cosmo 2009</a>, p. 108.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Book of Wei</i> <a class="external text external" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E9%AD%8F%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B7102">Vol. 102</a> (in Chinese)</span>

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<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gumilev L.N., <i>"History of Hun People"</i>, Moscow, 'Science', <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gumilevica.kulichki.net/HPH/hph15.htm">Ch. 15</a> (In Russian)</span>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite id="CITEREFBarfield1989" class="citation cs2">Barfield, Thomas (1989), <i>The Perilous Frontier: Nomadic Empires and China</i>, Basil Blackwell</cite></li>

<li>Bichurin N.Ya., <i>"Collection of information on peoples in Central Asia in ancient times"</i>, vol. 1, Sankt Petersburg, 1851, reprint Moscow-Leningrad, 1950</li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFChang2007" class="citation cs2">Chang, Chun-shu (2007), <i>The Rise of the Chinese Empire 1</i>, The University of Michigan Press</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFCosmo2002" class="citation cs2">Cosmo, Nicola Di (2002), <i>Ancient China and Its Enemies</i>, Cambridge University Press</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFCosmo2009" class="citation cs2">Cosmo, Nicola di (2009), <i>Military Culture in Imperial China</i>, Harvard University Press</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFCrespigny2007" class="citation cs2">Crespigny, Rafe de (2007), <i>A Biographical Dictionary of Later Han to the Three Kingdoms</i>, Brill</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFLoewe2000" class="citation cs2">Loewe, Michael (2000), <i>A Biographical Dictionary of the Qin, Former Han, and Xin Periods</i>, Brill</cite></li>

<li>Taskin B.S., <i>"Materials on Sünnu history"</i>, Science, Moscow, 1968, p. 31 (In Russian)</li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFWhiting2002" class="citation cs2">Whiting, Marvin C. (2002), <i>Imperial Chinese Military History</i>, Writers Club Press</cite></li></ul></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

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